Publication Information
Journal: NAU Journal of Technology and Vocational Education
Volume: 7 (2022)
CRAFTS AND SKILL EDUCATION IN CONTEMPORARY SECONDARY SCHOOLS FOR NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA
Nnajiofor, F. N
fn.nnajiofor@unizik.edu.ng Department of Technology and Vocational Education, Nnamdi Azikiwe University
Alaghde, Terzungwe
terzungwealaghde@gmail.com Department of Technology and Vocational Education, Nnamdi Azikiwe University
Okeke, B. C
bc.okeke@unizik.edu.ng Department of Technology and Vocational Education, Nnamdi Azikiwe University
Graduates from secondary schools can maximally, contribute their quota to the development of
this nation only if crafts and skill education is combined with the general education knowledge
acquired. This study investigated crafts and skill education in contemporary secondary schools
for national development. Three research questions guided the study. Three null hypotheses were
formulated. The population of the study was 1500 SSIII students. A sample of 186 students in
Anambra and Benue States was sampled using cluster sampling technique. Purposive sampling
was used to sample 10 schools in Benue state and 12 schools in Anambra state, making a
number of 372 students. Descriptive survey research design was used for the study. The
instrument used was a self-structured questionnaire. Three experts validated the instrument. The
Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient was computed and the results obtained alfa (α) value of
0.73. The null hypotheses were tested using independent samples t-test at 0.05 level of
significance. The findings of the study revealed that production craft, traditional crafts and
metal-making crafts were not taught in secondary schools in Anambra and Benue states. The
conclusion was that, it is now important that every serious Nigerian must embrace craft and skill
education to promote national development. Among the recommendations was that ministries of
education in Anambra and Benue states in conjunction with the federal ministry of information
should liaise with social organizations to create more awareness to the public to see the need and
importance of craft and skill education as one of the mediums for national development.
this nation only if crafts and skill education is combined with the general education knowledge
acquired. This study investigated crafts and skill education in contemporary secondary schools
for national development. Three research questions guided the study. Three null hypotheses were
formulated. The population of the study was 1500 SSIII students. A sample of 186 students in
Anambra and Benue States was sampled using cluster sampling technique. Purposive sampling
was used to sample 10 schools in Benue state and 12 schools in Anambra state, making a
number of 372 students. Descriptive survey research design was used for the study. The
instrument used was a self-structured questionnaire. Three experts validated the instrument. The
Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient was computed and the results obtained alfa (α) value of
0.73. The null hypotheses were tested using independent samples t-test at 0.05 level of
significance. The findings of the study revealed that production craft, traditional crafts and
metal-making crafts were not taught in secondary schools in Anambra and Benue states. The
conclusion was that, it is now important that every serious Nigerian must embrace craft and skill
education to promote national development. Among the recommendations was that ministries of
education in Anambra and Benue states in conjunction with the federal ministry of information
should liaise with social organizations to create more awareness to the public to see the need and
importance of craft and skill education as one of the mediums for national development.
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Autio, O. (2016). Traditional craftor technology education: Development of student’s abilities in
Finish comprehensive schools. International Journal of Research in Education and
Science , 2 (1), 75-84.
Bassi, L.J. and McMurrer, D. P. (2006).Employers’ Perspectives on the Roles of Human Capital
Development and Management in Creating Value. Retrieved from https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/docserver/227353534651.pdf?expires=1630466221&id=id&accname=guest
&checksum=C09FE0365937842ABD7F1BAAF0A40EE1, on (1 September, 2021).
Bereau of Labor Statistics (2017). Fabricated metals used in product metals. Retrieved from
pttps://www.com/plog/common-metal-fabrication on, (2 July, 2021)
Eastwood College (2019). Importance ofart and craft education in school curriculum. Retrieved
from https://eastwood school.com, on (4 July, 2021).
Elebute, A. & Odokuma, E. (2016). Arts and crafts as veritable sources of economic
empowerment for marginalized people in Nigeria. International Journal of
Development and Economic Sustainability, 4, (3), 11-24.
Federal Government of Nigeria (2013). National policy on education, Lagos: NERDC Press
Hanssen, B.O. (2017). Employers' Perspectives on the Roles of Human Capital Development
and Management in Creating Value. Retrieved from https://www.oecdilibrary.org/docserver/227353534651.pdf?expires=1630466221&id=id&accname=guest
&checksum=C09FE0365937842ABD7F1BAAF0A40EE1, on (1 September, 2021).
IGB Global (2021). What is skill? Retrieved from https://www.igiglobal.com/dictionary/combining-local-global-expertise-services/27088, on (27
September, 2021)
Lawal, I (2019). Teaching hand craft for effective youth, national development. Retrieved from
https://m.gurdian.ng/reatures/education on (3 July, 2021).
Lawal, T. & Oluwatoyin, A. (2011). National development in Nigeria: Issues, challenges and
prospects.Journal of Public Administration and Policy Research, 3 (9), 237-241.
Retrieved May 8th 2020 from http://www.academicjournals.org/jpapr
Macqueen, W.M. (2007). What is craft skill?, The Vocational Aspect of Secondary and Further
Education, 3 (6), 34-37. Retrieved from https//www.tandfonline.com, on (17 March,
2020)
Our Daily Manna (ODM, 2020). Importants of arts and crafts in school curriculum. Retrieved
from https://medium.com/@odm.seo.tech/importance, on (30January, 2021).
Richard, K. J & Adams, A.V. (2004).Skills development in Sub-saharan Africa. Retrieved 29th
January, 2021 from http://openknowledge.org.ha
Simpson T.W. (2018). Crafts production, the American system of manufacturing and mass
production. Retrieved from https://www.mne.psu.edu on, (2 July, 2021).
Sinikka, P. & Māra, U (2017), Future oriented reform of craft education.
http://www.haftdast.com/sites/default/files/files7dast/10.1007%40978-94-6300-917-
15.pdf
Spacey, J. (2019). Types of craft. Retrieved from https://simplicable.com/new/craft, on (29
January, 2021).
Veeber, V., Erja, S. and Lind, E (17). A discussion of the necessity of craft education in the 21st
century. Techne Series A, 22 (1), 15-29.
Yliverronen, V. & Seitamaa-Haikkarainen, S. P. (2016). Learning craft skills. Exploring
preschoolers craft making process. Research in Sloyd Education and Craft Science A,
23 (2) 1-15. From https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications
industry. Retrieved from https://www. Indiantoday.in/our-apps, on (4 July, 2021).
Adedotun, A. (2019). Nigeria is a nation stuck in underdevelopment. Retrieved
fromhttps://www.stearsng.com, on (1 July, 2021).
Autio, O. (2016). Traditional craftor technology education: Development of student’s abilities in
Finish comprehensive schools. International Journal of Research in Education and
Science , 2 (1), 75-84.
Bassi, L.J. and McMurrer, D. P. (2006).Employers’ Perspectives on the Roles of Human Capital
Development and Management in Creating Value. Retrieved from https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/docserver/227353534651.pdf?expires=1630466221&id=id&accname=guest
&checksum=C09FE0365937842ABD7F1BAAF0A40EE1, on (1 September, 2021).
Bereau of Labor Statistics (2017). Fabricated metals used in product metals. Retrieved from
pttps://www.com/plog/common-metal-fabrication on, (2 July, 2021)
Eastwood College (2019). Importance ofart and craft education in school curriculum. Retrieved
from https://eastwood school.com, on (4 July, 2021).
Elebute, A. & Odokuma, E. (2016). Arts and crafts as veritable sources of economic
empowerment for marginalized people in Nigeria. International Journal of
Development and Economic Sustainability, 4, (3), 11-24.
Federal Government of Nigeria (2013). National policy on education, Lagos: NERDC Press
Hanssen, B.O. (2017). Employers' Perspectives on the Roles of Human Capital Development
and Management in Creating Value. Retrieved from https://www.oecdilibrary.org/docserver/227353534651.pdf?expires=1630466221&id=id&accname=guest
&checksum=C09FE0365937842ABD7F1BAAF0A40EE1, on (1 September, 2021).
IGB Global (2021). What is skill? Retrieved from https://www.igiglobal.com/dictionary/combining-local-global-expertise-services/27088, on (27
September, 2021)
Lawal, I (2019). Teaching hand craft for effective youth, national development. Retrieved from
https://m.gurdian.ng/reatures/education on (3 July, 2021).
Lawal, T. & Oluwatoyin, A. (2011). National development in Nigeria: Issues, challenges and
prospects.Journal of Public Administration and Policy Research, 3 (9), 237-241.
Retrieved May 8th 2020 from http://www.academicjournals.org/jpapr
Macqueen, W.M. (2007). What is craft skill?, The Vocational Aspect of Secondary and Further
Education, 3 (6), 34-37. Retrieved from https//www.tandfonline.com, on (17 March,
2020)
Our Daily Manna (ODM, 2020). Importants of arts and crafts in school curriculum. Retrieved
from https://medium.com/@odm.seo.tech/importance, on (30January, 2021).
Richard, K. J & Adams, A.V. (2004).Skills development in Sub-saharan Africa. Retrieved 29th
January, 2021 from http://openknowledge.org.ha
Simpson T.W. (2018). Crafts production, the American system of manufacturing and mass
production. Retrieved from https://www.mne.psu.edu on, (2 July, 2021).
Sinikka, P. & Māra, U (2017), Future oriented reform of craft education.
http://www.haftdast.com/sites/default/files/files7dast/10.1007%40978-94-6300-917-
15.pdf
Spacey, J. (2019). Types of craft. Retrieved from https://simplicable.com/new/craft, on (29
January, 2021).
Veeber, V., Erja, S. and Lind, E (17). A discussion of the necessity of craft education in the 21st
century. Techne Series A, 22 (1), 15-29.
Yliverronen, V. & Seitamaa-Haikkarainen, S. P. (2016). Learning craft skills. Exploring
preschoolers craft making process. Research in Sloyd Education and Craft Science A,
23 (2) 1-15. From https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications